The Lost Massey Lectures: Recovered Classics From Five Great Thinkers by Galbraith John Kenneth

Author:Galbraith, John Kenneth [Galbraith, John Kenneth]
Language: eng
Format: epub
Tags: Philosophy, History, LCO010000
ISBN: 9780887848643
Amazon: B095MB91QV
Goodreads: 12604670
Publisher: House of Anansi Press
Published: 2007-01-15T08:00:00+00:00

IV

NON-VIOLENCE AND SOCIAL CHANGE

There is nothing wrong with a traffic law which says you have to stop for a red light. But when a fire is raging, the fire truck goes right through that red light, and normal traffic had better get out of its way. Or, when a man is bleeding to death, the ambulance goes through those red lights at top speed.

There is a fire raging now for the Negroes and the poor of this society. They are living in tragic conditions because of the terrible economic injustices that keep them locked in as an “underclass,” as the sociologists are now calling it. Disinherited people all over the world are bleeding to death from deep social and economic wounds. They need brigades of ambulance drivers who will have to ignore the red lights of the present system until the emergency is solved.

Massive civil disobedience is a strategy for social change which is at least as forceful as an ambulance with its siren on full. In the past ten years, non-violent civil disobedience has made a great deal of history, especially in the southern United States. When we and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference went to Birmingham, Alabama, in 1963 we had decided to take action on the matter of integrated public accommodation. We went knowing that the Civil Rights Commission had written powerful documents calling for change, calling for the very rights we were demanding. But nobody did anything about the Commission’s report. Nothing was done until we acted on these very issues, and demonstrated before the court of world opinion the urgent need for change. It was the same story with voting rights. The Civil Rights Commission, three years before we went to Selma, had recommended the changes we started marching for, but nothing was done until, in 1965, we created a crisis the nation couldn’t ignore. Without violence, we totally disrupted the system, the life style of Birmingham, and then of Selma, with their unjust and unconstitutional laws. Our Birmingham struggle came to its dramatic climax when some 3,500 demonstrators virtually filled every jail in that city and surrounding communities, and some 4,000 more continued to march and demonstrate non-violently. The city knew then in terms that were crystal clear that Birmingham could no longer continue to function until the demands of the Negro community were met. The same kind of dramatic crisis was created in Selma two years later. The result on the national scene was the Civil Rights Bill and the Voting Rights Act, as President and Congress responded to the drama and the creative tension generated by the carefully planned demonstration.

Of course, by now it’s obvious that new laws are not enough. The emergency we now face is economic, and it is a desperate and worsening situation. For the 35-million poor people in America—not even to mention, just yet, the poor in the other nations—there is a kind of strangulation in the air. In our society it’s murder, psychologically, to deprive a man of a job or an income.

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